3 Ways to Translate Language Strings in Drupal 

Does anyone of the following scenarios sound familiar to you?

1. you need to translate a few language strings on your Drupal site due to a certain dialect that the great majority of your site visitors use    
    
2. you simply prefer to see certain messages or labels on your website written slightly differently (let's assume that you prefer the “Add new content” textline to the “Add Content now” default one)
    
3. you need to go multilingual (on your Drupal site at least) and you have a whole heavy load of language strings to be translated into those target languages
    

What do you do? Which are your options? Which one guarantees you a streamlined translation process? And most importantly: which one makes the perfect fit for your own site-specific scenario?

Let us try and answer all your questions by presenting you 3 approaches to language string translation in Drupal:

1. Use the String Override Module

Now before we go on with our short step-by-step guide on how to install and to turn this module into your handy translation tool, we feel like pointing out its “limitation”. It makes a more than handy tool mostly for all those small changes that you need to apply to just a few strings on your Drupal site.

Therefore, using it for a full-site translation “marathon” is probably not the most inspired choice.

This being said, let's break down further with our step-by-step installation and configuration guide:

Step 1: Download and Install Your Module

You'll find it here: https://goo.gl/aCJGyy you've successfully downloaded it, go to “Modules” > “Add New” > use your “Browse” and search for the file you need to upload > “Install”

Next just briefly “scan” the enabled boxes corresponding to your two String Overrides fields there and, if everything looks OK to you, hit the “Save configuration” button!

Step 2: Trigger Your Module from the Configuration Menu

Now navigate to “Configuration” (you'll find it “neighboring” the “People” and the “Modules” tabs on top of the page) and, unfolding its menu, go to “Translate Interface”. It's the last option listed there (after the “Regional and Language” one).

Next just give it a click!

Step 3: Now Go Ahead and Replace Your Language String

Just enter the exact string that you want to replace/translate on the left side of your screen (in the “Original” section) and its replacement string/its translated version on the right side (in the “Replacement” section).

Easy peasy! And where do you add that the module even enables you to streamline things even more: you even get to replace multiple language strings simultaneously just by adding some extra rows. 

Wrap Up: as already mentioned, the String Overrides module makes a great choice for “small-scale” string translations only. It enables you to track down the strings you need to change and to replace them with the new ones in no time. Yet, when it comes to translating an entire Drupal site, manually overriding every single language string using this module is hardly an effective solution. Such a “challenge” to respond to calls for a more powerful module such as the Locale module.

2. Use the String Translation Module for Handling User-Defined Strings

Also known as the i18n_string module (falling under the Internationalization project's “umbrella).

Now if the just mentioned Locale module (along with the .po files) enables you to translate hard-coded language strings, the String Translation module empowers you to translate the user-defined ones, too.

And here we're referring to taxonomy terms, menu items, field names, which are a bit “trickier” when it comes to translating them, since you can't just rely on Drupal 7 core for that.

Also, another important specification that we need to make is that this is an API module! Therefore, it doesn't work as a standalone solution, but rather “supports” other modules from the Internationalization group.

And when it comes to the UI that you get to use to translate language strings in Drupal using this particular module, you should know that it's incorporated in the localization system: go to Administer > Site building > Translate interface for translating your user-defined language strings.

"And how does it work exactly?" you might legitimately ask yourself.

Here's how:

• it uses the Locale's module standard translation page (the above mentioned UI) for enabling you to translate the user-defined strings that it will have collected 
   
• but not before you haven't defined your site's default language (and it's not always English)
   
• and it does this by grouping strings into “text groups” (you can find these groups of user-defined strings named “Profile”, "Menus” or “Taxonomy”, at admin/build/translate/search, under the "Limit search to:")
   

Notes:

• do keep in mind that whenever you're translating your user-defined strings, the source strings that will get stored will be displayed in your default language 
   
• in case the default language on your website is not English, you still get to import/export English translations relying on your localization UI
   
• a sort of “warning”: whenever you change the default language on your website you'll need to remember to redefine all your source language strings, too (the user-defined ones, of course)
   
• in short: get yourself informed of all the implications deriving from changing your default language, since this goes hand it hand with a never-ending string editing “ordeal”, too
   
• all the other translations on your website will be kept “unharmed”
   
• yet, as a rule of thumb, you should be changing (if it's necessary) the default language on your site at the very beginning of its development process; later on, once you have your site up and running, changing it back and forth and in several different languages will only lead to... “language string chaos”
   

3. Use the Strings Overrides in Settings.php to Translate Language Strings in Drupal

You'll get to carry out the entire process in the settings.php file and where do you add that you don't even need to download, install and configure any extra module: it all happens in Drupal core.

Yet, you should be fully aware that it's not a method for the inexperienced either. We're not going to hide it from you: it does require a certain level of coding “expertise”.

Moreover, the same specification that we've made for the String Override module applies to this method, too: it's a tool to be used for small-scale string translations.

Not the best choice when you're faced with much larger-scale translations!

And now, shall we proceed with our explanations on “how it's done”?

1. Edit your settings.php file and go right up to line 430 (or somewhere 'around” it)

2. Next, uncomment this code (so that you can later on enter your translated strings)

^{434 # $conf['locale_custom_strings_en'][''] = array(}

Note: in case the default language on your Drupal site is not English, remember to make the due modifications in the array key locale locale_custom_string_en so that it should reflect the actual language on your website!

Now let's assume that you're being “dared” to translate a whole lot of language strings on your website.Then you sure need to streamline things a bit, right?

For this you can rely on the i18n_string module, the API String Translation Module that we've just put into the spotlight. 

Just edit your settings.php file by entering this new line of code:

^{$conf['i18n_string_translate_langcode_en'] = TRUE;}

Or, if you're not that much into “tweaking” code in settings.php you can always rely on the variable_admin module (part of the Variable module). Here's how you get to leverage its functionality to translate language strings in Drupal:

1. first you navigate to admin/config/system/variable
    
2. next you click on the "Multilingual settings" tab
    
3. then on the "Enable translation for language" tab
    
4. set your default language
    
5. hit the “Save” button
    

And voila! Now you get to translate your language strings!

How about you? Have you, by any chance, discovered other more effective ways to translate language strings in Drupal?